Degrees 21/01/1999: Post-PhD (Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches) at Montpellier II University. 27/06/1991: PhD of Physiology and Population and Organismal Biology at Montpellier II University. September 1989: Pre PhD of Sciences of Evolution and Ecology at Montpellier II University. September 1988: Pre-PhD of Parasitology: Ecology, Pathology at Montpellier II University. October 1987: Probation in experimental parasitology at Montpellier II University. June 1985: Masters in Population and organismal biology at P. and M. Curie University (Paris 6). Appointed positions 01/08/2015-Present: Full time senior researcher (DR1) in the IRD in the team Interactions hôtes - vecteurs - parasites dans les infections par des trypanosomatidae - (INTERTRYP), UMR177 IRD/CIRAD, , TA A-17/G, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. 01/09/2012-31/07/2015: Full time senior researcher (DR1) in the IRD in the team Interactions hôtes - vecteurs - parasites dans les infections par des trypanosomatidae - (INTERTRYP), UMR177 IRD/CIRAD and posted at the Centre International de Recherche-Développement sur l'Elevage en zone Subhumide (CIRDES), 01 BP 454, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina-Faso. 05/01/2012-01/09/2012: Full time senior researcher (DR2) in the IRD in the team Interactions hôtes - vecteurs - parasites dans les infections par des trypanosomatidae - (INTERTRYP), UMR177 IRD/CIRAD, France. 02/03/2009-04/01/2012: Full time senior researcher (DR2) in the CNRS given available to the IRD and posted at UMR 177 IRD/CIRAD, CIRDES, 01 BP 454 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina-Faso. 01/10/2005-01/03/2009: Full time senior researcher in the CNRS in the Laboratory 'Génétique et Evolution des Maladies Infectieuses', UMR 2724 CNRS/IRD Montpellier. 01/01/2004-30/09/2005: Full time and permanent researcher in the CNRS in the Laboratory 'Génétique et Evolution des Maladies Infectieuses', UMR 2724 CNRS/IRD Montpellier. 01/11/1998-31/12/2003: Full time and permanent researcher in the CNRS in the 'Centre d'Etude sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes', UMR 9926 CNRS/IRD Montpellier. 01/10/1993-31/10/1998: Full time and permanent researcher in the CNRS in the Laboratory 'Biologie des Populations d'Helminthes Parasites', UMR 5555 CNRS/Université Montpellier II 01/10/1992-31/09/1993: Temporary lecturer of population genetics in Montpellier II University. 01/10/1991-31/03/1992: Six month grant from the British Council at the School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK. 01/10/1985-30/09/1986: Military service at Spire (Germany). Research experience During my PhD, I have studied the mechanisms of maintenance of adaptive polymorphism and evolution of habitat preference. I have used field studies, experimental tests and theoretical (analytical and computer simulations) modelling. The biological model consisted in two species of ecto-parasitic copepods and their three hosts (in the Mediterranean), turbot, brill and flounder. The fact that these organisms are marine, naturally involved me into marine biology topics. I also had to develop skills in programming (in Pascal) and in isoenzymatic genotyping. During my Post-doc in Bangor, I was trained to theoretical population genetics of structured population, in particular as regard to parameter estimation and testing of Wright's F-statistics. When coming back to Montpellier I kept studying adaptive polymorphism and habitat preference but more and more got involved in population genetic structure of hosts and their parasites. I got involved in studies on host-manipulating parasites as well. I have studied different kind of organisms as parasitic copepods, cestodes, trematodes, fungi, bacteriae, trypanosomes, leishmania, ticks, tsetse flies, gammarid amphipods, marine and fresh water snails, mussels, rats and deer. Presently my main areas of investigation concern host and parasite co-structures and the use of molecular markers in ecological inferences, and in particular in epidemiological inferences; and the theoretical and applied population genetics of clonal organisms. The main programs I am currently supervising or undertaking are: Population genetics of trypansosomes and their vectors in Western Africa; Population genetics of clonal and partially clonal organisms: theory and application to medically or veterinary relevant microbes (trypanosomes, leishmania, yeasts). Adaptive polymorphism and habitat preference evolution, the use of population genetics tools for population biology inferences in host parasite systems and the population genetics of clones are thus the main fields in which I am specially qualified.